

ROLE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING ON CHILD HEALTH AT AMOYO COMMUNITY IN NIGERIA
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Breastfeeding is an unequalled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of infants. It is also an integral part of the reproductive process with important implications for the health of mothers. Review of evidence has shown that, on a population basis, exclusive breastfeeding for six (6) months is the optimal way of feeding infants. Thereafter, infants should receive complementary foods with continued breastfeeding up to (2) two years of age or beyond. For infants to survive, grow and develop properly, they require the right proportion of nutrients. Breast milk is rich in nutrients and anti-bodies and contains the right quantities of fat, sugar, water, protein. These nutrients are major pre-requisites to the health and survival of the baby. When a child is exclusively breastfed, their immune system is strengthened but if not well fed enabling it to life threatening illness like pneumonia and diarrhea among other infections. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2023) estimates that, around 220,000 children could be saved every year with exclusive breastfeeding. It recommends that colostrums the yellowish sticky breast milk that is produced at the end of the pregnancy as the ideal food for newborns to be given within the first hour of birth, a process referred to as early initiation. Infants’ breastfed within the first hour of birth are three times more likely to survive than those who have their first breast milk after a day. The UK-based National Health Service has related recommendations and advises exclusive breastfeeding for around the first six month stating “Any amount of breastfeeding has a positive effect. The longer you breastfeed, the longer protection lasts and greater the benefit”.